Digital Governance

The European Commission (EC) recently imposed a fine of EUR 200,000 on Temu under the Digital Services Act (DSA) as one of the largest DSA enforcement actions so far. This was because Temu had not evaluated and mitigated the systemic risks arising from the sale of illegal products on its platform, thereby giving European consumers access to unsafe and illegal products. The case has garnered much discussion, particularly about the shortcomings of Temu and implications for plat

The Digital Services Act (DSA): The Online Accountability Transformative EU Law. - Co-written by Zoya Baig Digital Services Act (DSA) is a landmark regulation embraced by the European Union in order to modernize the digital services, platform, and intermediary operations in the Digital Single Market of the EU. It was formally adopted in 2022 and came into effect in 2023-2024, superseding aspects of the prior e-Commerce Directive and creating EU wide harmonised rules on onlin

In 2026, digital disinformation has moved from the periphery to the mainstream of information ecosystems. What was once confined to sporadic fake news or fringe conspiracy sites is now an industrialized, AI-powered, and deeply varied threat within digital media. The consequences are far-reaching and impacts political stability, commercial credibility, public health, and societal trust.